A boulder scarred by bullets from the c'aynim 'alikinwaaspa (Battle of Bear Paw Mountain), which occurred between September 30 and October 5, 1877. It was here that the Nez Perce made their last stand before surrendering to Colonel Nelson Miles. The Nez Perce were within three days journey of the Canadian border when hinmatóoyalahtq’it (Chief Joseph) surrendered, making his now famous speech containing the line,"I will fight no more, forever." A Nez Perce warrior hid under this rock as he sniped at Colonel Miles's approaching troops. This photograph has an accompanying letter from photographer Emil Kopac, of Oshkosh, Nebraska, who captured the shot. The letter dates from 2-17-1940, when McWhorter was writing the manuscript for "Hear Me, My Chiefs! Nez Perce History and Legend," and is located at MASC. On verso of photograph: "A bullet-scarred boulder at Bear Paw Mountain battlefield. A Nez Perce hid himself behind this stone after being wounded after an attempt to change his position. This was a sorrowful day for the Nez Perce as upon surrender he was promised to be returned to the reservation in Western Idaho which he was never to see again. Photo Nov 24th 1932 by Emil Kopac Oshkosh, Neb. See Kopac 02-17-40 Stake 63."
